Review Research Methodology ( Developing the Students journal 'English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu Speaking Method by A Lumettu and T L Runtuwene).

Good day all !! ^_^ After reviewing theoretical in last week , so today I'll review about research methodology in journal that I've already read.
The method used in research “Developing the Students English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu Speaking Method by A Lumettu and T L Runtuwene is qualitative method.  Did you know qualitative method ? It means that this research focuses on the "why" rather than the "what" of social phenomena and relies on the direct experiences of human beings as meaning-making agents in their every day lives.

The location of research is Tourism Department which is the location of the authors teaching
Sources of data of this journal is based on observasion because according to expert the sources of qualitative research are actions, words, document and so on. So this journal show the data or document from their observation.

Research Instruments
Research instruments are the tool that you will use in doing your research. ·In this research, the research instruments is observation and the researchers as the planners, executors, data collectors, data analysts and interpreters and finally become the discussers and the reporters of the research results.

 Data Collecting Techniques
In this research, the researchers use some techniques of collecting data :
1. observation
2. interview
3. documentation

Data Analysis Technique
 In this research there are 3 techniques of analysis .
data reduction : data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered, and simplified form.
data presentation :Data can be presented in various forms depending on the type of data collected
conclusion : conlusion of this research

The Stages Of The Research :

1. Pretest (speech, interview and storytelling).

2. The class is divided into two smaller groups : one experimental group and one control group

3. Treatment is done for both groups using different methods. Impromptu speaking method is used for the experimental group and full text memorization method is used by the control group.

4. Post test is done using the same test for both groups.

5. Analysis to compare the data of the two groups.

6. Write the conclusion

7. Reported the result

Review Theoretical theories of journal( Developing the Students journal 'English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu Speaking Method by A Lumettu and T L Runtuwene).

Today, I want to review Theoretical Review from the Developing the Students journal 'English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu Speaking Method by A Lumettu and T L Runtuwene. In Theoretical Review, explain the theory of experts relating to the title of the Journal that is :

1.     Language teaching which provides a description of the theory of Tan says (3): "communication means the sending and receiving of a speaker and a hearer in the oral communication or between the writer and the reader in written form". Because of teaching and learning as a means of communication. That is, language learning is communication. How students understand and interact with each other. while teaching is given by Brown (5) as follows: "This definition shows three kinds of activities or purposes that teach can offer: ( 1) showing or helping someone how to do something, (2) providing with knowledge, and (3) causing to know or understand. So, teaching a language is an activity to help with language functions and think in language.

2.    Speaking skill development

In the section Speaking skill development according to Gritter'sstatement (9) "Speaking of skills that require almost instantaneously the precise sound, from, word-order, arrangement and vocabulary content which will express what he wants to say in unanticipated situations. "So, soccer happens naturally is not a process of remembering like remembering poems

3. Integration of speaking and listening

 These two skills are not be separated from that of listening. Tarigan (12) says that sound or voice is an important factor in increasing the learner's vocabulary. Therefore, the learners will have the advantage of listening to teachers, qualified recordings, and qualified stories, etc. In oral communication, a hearer will receive various forms or words or sentences that can be delivered from different sources such as dialogs, stories, and songs. Adequate practices will contribute to the building of speaking skills. Hence the teaching of speaking should also be involved in listening activities as suggested by Tarigan (12).

4. Impromptu speaking

Merriam Webster (13) defines impromptu as:

1. Made, done or on the spur of the moment, improvised. 2. Composed or uttered without previous preparation. Collins English Dictionary (14) defines: "Impromptu is applied to that which is spoken, made or done in the spur of the occasion and stressed spontaneity." So, impromptu speaking is speaking with little preparation or even no preparation. at all and depends on the knowledge they have.

5. Structure of impromptu speaking Like other kinds of speaking, impromptu speaking is the introduction, main points and conclusion (chodounsky (15). Further, the whole structure of speech is suggested as follows:

I. Introduction

a. Open the speech.

b. State the thesis.

c. Preview the main points.

 II. Transition to main points

III. The main point I

a. State it.

b. Explain it.

c. Prove it.

d. Conclude it

 IV. Transition to main point II

 V. Main point II

a. State it

b. Explain it.

c. Prove it.

d. Conclude it

VI. Transition to the conclusion

VII. Conclusion

a. Restate thesis and main points

b. Conclude the speech

6. Impromptu speaking delivery tips

1. Go Slowly

2. Take your time to begin to Look around and smile.

3. Stand tall.

4. Use your notes as reminders.

5. Talk conversationally.

 6. Watch the words Do not use vocabulary or jargons which are not familiar to your audience.

7. Keep it short and to the point.

8. Personalize your speech It is good to use examples from your experience.

7. Possibilities of applying an impromptu speaking method in preparing other kinds of speaking. Based on the definitions given by Merriam Webster Dictionary and Collins English Dictionary, impromptu speaking refers to wider activities than just speech. It can include many kinds of speaking activities such as presentation, debating, interview, and event conversations.